SOLUTIONS (OXIDES) IN FToxid
[FToxid-SLAGA] A-Slag-liq
OXIDE liquid/glass
Oxides of:
Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr(II), Cr(III), Cu(I), Fe(II), Fe(III), Ge, K, Li, Mg, Mn(II),
Mn(III), Na, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti(III), Ti(IV), V(II), V(III), V(IV), V(V), Zn, Zr + (S and F in dilute solution (<50%))
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition ranges covered. Sub-systems which have not been evaluated and optimized have been assumed ideal or have been approximated. The sub-systems and composition ranges which have been evaluated and optimized are described in the following. The most accurate calculations will be obtained in or near these sub-systems and composition ranges.
(1) Major oxide components: Oxides of Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si
All major oxide components have been fully optimized and evaluated together at all compositions. All available data for binary, ternary and quaternary sub-systems have been fully optimized.
References: 2004, 2020, 2025, 2028, 2030, 2031, 2032, 2050, 6009, 6020
(2) Oxides of Mn, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu with the major oxide components
Al, Ca, Fe(II), Fe(III), Mg, Si
Most binary and many ternary sub-systems among these components and between these components and the major oxide components have been evaluated and optimized. Particularly in the composition region of fayalite slags, extensive optimizations have been carried out. With NiO, the system CaO-MgO-NiO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 has recently been re-optimized. Cu2O-containing subsystems with components Al2O3, CaO, FeO, Fe2O3, MgO, SiO2, NiO, PbO have been evaluated and optimized, particularly in the composition regions of fayalite and calcium ferrite slags.
References: 2002, 2008, 2012, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027,
2036, 2037, 2038, 2040, 6013, 6016, 6021, 6026, 6028, 6033, 6046, 2085, 2089, 2091, 2063, 2066, 2067, 2092, 2099, 2100, 2101, 2102, 2103, 2135, 2136, 2137, 2138, 2139, 4007, 4008, 4010, 6019
(3) Slags containing CrO and Cr2O3
(i) In the absence of SiO2:
Oxides of: Al,Ca,Co,Cr(II),Cr(III),Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Ni,Zn
This combination of components is of particular interest in hot corrosion.
This group of components has been extensively optimized together over most
composition regions where data are available. The system MnO-Mn2O3-FeO-
Fe2O3-CrO-Cr2O3 has been partially evaluated/optimized.
(ii) In the presence of SiO2:
Oxides of: Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si + Cr(II),Cr(III)
This group of components has been fully evaluated and optimized at all composition regions for the oxides of (Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si) in the absence of Cr. When Cr is present, all available data have been fully optimized for Al2O3-CaO-CrO-Cr2O3-SiO2 solutions and roughly optimized for CrO-Cr2O3-MgO-SiO2 solutions.
References: 2010, 2011, 2013, 2025, 2029, 2035, 2040, 6008, 6031, 2056
(4) Slags containing As2O3, SnO
Data have been optimized with the major oxide components only over limited composition ranges, generally for SiO2-rich slags and in the composition region of fayalite slags.
References 4007, 4008, 4010, 6019
(5) Slags containing TiO2 and Ti2O3
Oxides of: Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si + K,Na,Li,Mn(II),Mn(III),Ti(III),Ti(IV)
This group of components has been evaluated and optimized at all composition regions for the oxides of (Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si) in the absence of Ti. The following Ti-containing subsystems have been optimized using the limited available data: TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2, TiO2-Ti2O3-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-MnO-Mn2O3-Al2O3-SiO2, M2O-TiO2, M2O-Ti2O3, M2O-TiO2-SiO2 (where M=Na,K,Li). For compositions substantially deviating from these subsystems, the database is less accurate and provides an estimation based on the solution models, while some phases may be missing.
References: 2005, 2009, 2014, 2033, 2034, 2040, 2041, 2059
(6) Slags containing ZrO2
Oxides of: Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si + Mn(II),Ti(IV),Zr
This combination of components has been evaluated and optimized at all composition regions for the oxides of (Al,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Si) in the absence of Zr. When Zr is present, the data have been fully optimized for all binary oxide solutions except Fe2O3-ZrO2, for all ternaries and all higher order systems of the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2-ZrO2 system, and for quaternary Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2 solutions (including all four ternary sub-systems). Best calculations, therefore, will be obtained in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2-ZrO2 and Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2 systems, at compositions in or near all binary systems, and at relatively low concentrations of MnO, FeO and Fe2O3.
References: 2108, 2109, 2110
(7) Slags containing B2O3
In the presence of B2O3, for the system Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SrO-BaO-SiO2-B2O3-Na2O
all available data have been re-evaluated and re-optimized for the Al2O3-B2O3-CaO-MgO-SrO-BaO-SiO2 system including all ternary sub-systems and for the B2O3-Na2O-SiO2 system. The MnO-B2O3 system has recently been optimized.
When boron is present, there may be multiple miscibility gaps. (Use J option.)
References: 2044, 2055, 2045, 2046
(8) Slags containing GeO2
GeO2 has not been evaluated simultaneously with any slag component except SiO2.
The GeO2- SiO2 system has been evaluated over the entire composition range.
References: 2022
(9) Slags containing Li2O, Na2O and K2O:
The systems Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 and Li2O-Na2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 have recently been re-evaluated and re-optimized [Sergei A. Decterov and Eugene Jak; Youn-Bae Kang and In-Ho Jung; Dong-Geun Kim and In-Ho Jung; Bikram Konar and In-Ho Jung: unpublished work], as has the system Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 [2046]. The binary systems Li2O-TiO2, Na2O-TiO2, K2O-TiO2 and the Na2O-TiO2-SiO2 ternary have recently been evaluated/optimized. The Na2O-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 system has recently been optimized [Elmira Moosavi-Khoonsari and In-Ho Jung].
However, only rough estimation can be made for the liquidus in multicomponent Li2O-, Na2O- and K2O-containing systems that are far from the optimized subsystems mentioned above.
References: 2003, 2005, 2006, 2046, 2047, 2072, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
(10) Systems containing BaO and SrO
The system BaO-SrO-Al2O3-B2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 has recently been optimized [Adarsh Shukla, Ph.D. Thesis, École Polytechnique de Montréal]. The systems BaO-MnO and BaO-CaO-MnO have been optimized for calculating BaO behavior in CaO-SiO2-MnO slags for ferromanganese production [In-Ho Jung, unpublished work].
(11) Systems containing vanadium oxides
Vanadium oxides have been added to the Na2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 system. The thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase have been optimized over limited ranges of composition and P(O2) in the V-O, V-Na-O, V-Ca-O, V-Mg-O, V-Fe-O, V-Si-O, V-Ca-Si-O and V-Fe-Si-O subsystems. The optimizations are most accurate for equilibrium with air, but the less accurate under reducing conditions, except for the V-Fe-O system, which has been optimized over the entire range of oxygen partial pressures from metal saturation to equilibrium with air. The database allows calculations of vanadium distribution between slag and liquid alloy, but it is not intended for liquidus calculations in the VOx-Na2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 multicomponent system, because many compounds and solid solutions are missing.
(12) Systems containing P2O5
For the system P2O5-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-BaO-FeOx-MnO-Na2O-K2O, all binary P2O5-containing subsystems have been evaluated and optimized. In addition, the key subsystems CaO-MgO-P2O5, CaO-SiO2-P2O5, CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 and CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-P2O5 have been optimized and the subsystems Na2O-CaO-P2O5, Na2O-MgO-P2O5 and Na2O-SiO2-P2O5 have been approximately evaluated. This can be used for evaluation of the P equilibria among liquid slag, iron/steel, gas.
Liquidus calculations for P2O5-containing systems that substantially deviate from the optimized subsystems mentioned above may be not accurate.
References: 2074, 2078, 2079, 2080, 2117
(13) Solubility of Sulfide:
The model used, and most of the optimizations, are described in the references below. Sulfur contents as sulfide will be calculated reasonably well for total sulfide contents up to about 12 weight %. Calculations are not accurate for slags/glasses with large Li2O or K2O contents. For slags containing large amounts of CrO, better calculations of sulfide solubility will be obtained with FToxid-SLAG?. Output of EQUILIB will give sulfide grouped as the “components” CaS, FeS, MgS, etc. This is only a formalism. The model actually treats sulfur as dissolved sulfide ion which is not associated with any particular cations. Slag/matte phase equilibria can also be calculated, using FTsulf database for the liquid sulfide (matte) phase. These calculations provide good description of sulfur solubility in slags that are used in pyrometallurgy.
References: 2017, 2039, 2060, 2061, 2115, 2116, 2136, 2137, 2138, 4007, 4008, 4010, 6019
Complete list of references for FToxid-SLAGA:
References: 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 References: 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028
References: 2029, 2030, 2031, 2032, 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 2039, 2040, 2042, 2043 References: 2044, 2045, 2046, 2047, 2050, 2051, 2055, 4007, 4008, 4010
References: 6008, 6009, 6013, 6016, 6019, 6020, 6021, 6026, 6028, 6033, 6046
(14) Solubility of Fluoride:
The separate solution [FToxid-OXFL], Liq-Oxyfluoride, for oxide liquid/glass containing fluoride has been eliminated in FactSage 7.3 and replaced with FToxid-SLAGA.
The thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase are most accurate for the (Ca,Mg,Li,Na,K,Al,Si//O,F) system, which can also contain minor amounts of Fe2+, Fe3+, Cr2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Mn3+. Sulfide solubility in the (Ca,Mg,Na,Al,Si//O,F) system has also been tested. The database can calculate phase equilibria up to about 50% of fluorides+sulfides. However, it should be noted that many multicomponent fluoride and oxyfluoride solid solutions and stoichiometric compounds are not present in the FToxid database. The database can be used even for some binary fluoride systems without oxides, but it is less accurate than the FTsalt database.
[FToxid-SLAGB] B-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing sulfate
Oxides of: Al,As,B,Ca,Fe(III),K,Mg,Mn(II),Na,Ni,Pb,Si,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Zn,Zr
+ SO4 in dilute solution (< 10 weight %)
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Note that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAGB.
SO4 solubilities can be calculated for slags containing oxide components other than those in the above list by using FToxid-SLAG?. However, this is not recommended.
Among the oxide components, not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition regions covered. Scroll up to see the description of FToxid-SLAGA for more details.
It is recommended that you calculate the solubilities of non-oxide components (S, F, Cl, SO4, PO4, CO3,................. etc.) in a series of separate calculations using FToxid-SLAGA, SLAGB, SLAGC, etc. rather than trying to calculate all the solubilities simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?
The model used and the optimizations are described in the references below. Total sulfate contents up to several weight percent can be calculated in slags when:
[X(Na2O) + X(K2O)] < 0.5 and XAl2O3 < 0.5.
Data were optimized only for:
Na2O-SiO2 0.2 < X(Na2O) < 0.5 1100-1300oC
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 various compositions 1500-1650oC
SiO2-CaO-Na2O X(Na2O) < 0.16, X(CaO) < 0.2 1100-1200oC
Na2SO4 solubility in Na2O-SiO2
K2SO4 solubility in acid slags
For other components, calculations are a priori from the model. Output of Equilib gives sulfates grouped as “components” Na2SO4, CaSO4, etc. This is only a formalism. The model treats dissolved sulfate ion as not associated with any particular cation.
References: 2007, 2017
[FToxid-SLAGC] C-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing phosphate
SLAGC has been eliminated in FactSage 7.0. The solubility of P2O5 in oxide liquid/glass is now more accurately described by SLAGA.
[FToxid-SLAGD] D-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing carbonate
Oxides of: Al,As,B,Ca,K,Mg,Na,Si,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Zr
+ CO3 in solution (< 40 weight %)
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Note that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAGD.
CO3 solubilities can be calculated for slags containing oxide components other than those in the list above by using FToxid-SLAG?. However, this is not recommended.
Among the oxide components, not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition regions covered. Scroll up to see the description of FToxid-SLAGA for more details.
It is recommended that you calculate the solubilities of non-oxide components (S, SO4, PO4, CO3, etc.) in a series of separate calculations using FToxid-SLAGA, SLAGB, SLAGC,....................... etc. rather than trying to calculate all the solubilities simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?
The model used and the optimizations are described in the reference below. Total carbonate up to nearly pure carbonate can be calculated in basic slags. Calculations will be best in basic slags.
Data were optimized only for:
Na2O-SiO2 and K2O-SiO2 at 1200oC for X(SiO2) / [X(M2O) + X(SiO2)] < 0.5 where M = Na or K
CaO-Al2O3 at 1500oC for X(CaO) / [X(CaO) + X(Al2O3)] = 0.6 to 0.7
Na2O-B2O3 at 1200oC for X(SiO2) / [X(Na2O) + X(BO1.5)] < 0.6
at P(CO2) =1 atm. For other components calculations are a priori from the model. Output of Equilib gives carbonates grouped as “components” Na2CO3, K2CO3, etc. This is only a formalism. The model treats dissolved carbonate ion as not associated with any particular cation.
References: 2007, 2017
[FToxid-SLAGE] E-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing water/hydroxide
Oxides of: Al,As,B,Ca,Fe(II),Fe(III),K,Mg,Mn(II),Na,Si,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Zn,Zr
+ OH/H2O in dilute solution (< 10 weight %)
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Note that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAGE.
Water/OH solubilities can be calculated for slags containing oxide components other than those in the list above by using FToxid-SLAG?. However, this is not recommended.
Among the oxide components, not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition regions covered. Scroll up to see the description of FToxid-SLAGA for more details.
It is recommended that you calculate the solubilities of non-oxide components (S, SO4, PO4, CO3, water/OH,................ etc.) in a series of separate calculations using FToxid-SLAGA, SLAGB, SLAGC, etc. rather than trying to calculate all the solubilities simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?.
For basic slags, a model of OH solubility similar to that described in the references below is used. For acid slags, H2O is treated as a quasichemical component bonded to the silicate network. Total water content in dilute solution can be calculated for slags where:
[X(CaO) + X(Na2O) + X(MgO)] < 0.7 and X(Na2O) < 0.5
Data were optimized only for:
Na2O-SiO2 0.1 < X(Na2O) < 0.5 1300oC
CaO-Al2O3 0.5 < X(CaO) < 0.75 1600-1700oC
CaO-SiO2 0.3 < X(CaO) < 0.6 1600oC
FeO-SiO2 0.5 < X(FeO) < 1.0 1600oC
CaO-MgO-SiO2 0.3 < X(SiO2) < 0.6
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2
3CaO.SiO2 with Al2O3, TiO2 and B2O3 additions
Al2O3-CaO-MgO
SiO2-CaO-FeO
CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-FeO 1600oC
For other components calculations are a priori from the model. Output of Equilib gives some dissolved water as the hydroxide “components” NaOH, Ca(OH)2, etc. This is only a formalism. Hydroxide ion is treated as not associated with any particular cation. On output, some water is shown as the component H2O. This is the part of the total dissolved water which is modeled as bonded to the network.
References: 2007, 2017, 2043
[FToxid-SLAGF] F-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing iodide
Oxides of: Al,As,B,Ca,Fe(II),K,Mg,Mn(II),Na,Si,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Zr
+ I in dilute solution (< 10 weight %)
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Note that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAGF.
Iodide solubilities can be calculated for slags containing oxide components other than those in the list above by using FToxid-SLAG?. However, this is not recommended.
Among the oxide components, not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition regions covered. Scroll up to see the description of FToxid-SLAGA for more details.
It is recommended that you calculate the solubilities of non-oxide components (S, I, SO4, PO4, CO3, etc.) in a series of separate calculations using FToxid-SLAGA, SLAGB, SLAGC,...... etc. rather than trying to calculate all the solubilities simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?.
The model used and optimizations are described in the reference below. Total iodide contents can be calculated up to a few weight percent. Calculations will be best in acidic slags. Data were optimized only for NaI solubilities in a 57 wt % SiO2, 5% B2O3, 20% Na2O, 12% Al2O3, 4% CaO slag. Otherwise, calculations are a priori from the model. Output of EQUILIB will give halides grouped as the “components” NaI, CaI2, etc. This is only a formalism. The model actually considers dissolved iodide ions as not associated with any particular cations.
References: 2007, 2017
[FToxid-SLAGG] G-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing carbide, nitride and cyanide
FToxid-SLAGG has been removed in FactSage 6.4. For calculations of solubilities of C and N in oxide melts, use the FTOxCN database.
[FToxid-SLAGH] H-Slag-liq
Oxide liquid/glass containing fluoride and chloride
Oxides of: Al,As,B,Ca,Co,Cr(II),Cr(III),Cu(I),Fe(II),Fe(III),Ge,K,Mg,Mn(II),Na,Ni,Pb,Si,Sn,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Zn,Zr + (F, Cl in dilute solution (<10%))
(The composition limit of CaF2 can be extended to approximately 50 mol% for calculations of the solidification path of cuspidine (3CaO)(2SiO2)(CaF2) in the CaO-SiO2-CaF2 ternary system.)
Possible miscibility gap at high SiO2 contents. Use I option.
Oxyfluoride liquid Ca,Mg,Na,Al,Si,(K,Li)//O,F is more accurately described by FToxid-SLAGA, which can calculate simultaneously the solubility of fluorides and sulfides and can calculate phase equilibria up to 50% of fluorides plus sulfides. However, SLAGH allows calculating the solubility of fluorides and chlorides simultaneously.
Note that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAGH. Furthermore, Li2O, SrO and BaO are not components of FToxid-SLAGH.
Among the oxide components, not all binary and ternary sub-systems have been evaluated and optimized, nor are all composition regions covered. Scroll up to see the description of FToxid-SLAGA for more details.
It is recommended that you calculate the solubilities of non-oxide components (S, I, SO4, PO4, CO3, etc.) in a series of separate calculations using FToxid-SLAGA, SLAGB, SLAGC,...... etc. rather than trying to calculate all the solubilities simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?.
The model used and optimizations are described in the references below. Total chloride and fluoride contents can be calculated up to a few weight percent. Calculations will be best in acidic slags. For slags containing large amounts of CrO, Cr2O3 or Fe2O3, better calculations of chloride and fluoride solubilities will be obtained with FToxid-SLAG?. Data were optimized only for NaCl, CaCl2, NaF, MgF2 and CaF2 solubilities in a 57 wt % SiO2, 5% B2O3, 20% Na2O, 12% Al2O3, 4% CaO slag. Otherwise, calculations are a priori from the model. Output of EQUILIB will give halides grouped as the “components” NaCl, CaCl2, NaF, CaF2, etc. This is only a formalism. The model actually considers dissolved halide ions as not associated with any particular cations.
References: 2007, 2017, 2041
[FToxid-SLAG?] ?-SLAG-liq
Oxide liquid/glass
Because of the complexity of the models involved, the use of FToxid-SLAG? is not encouraged. Unless you carefully follow the instructions about removing certain components from the component list, completely erroneous calculations can result.
Instead, use FToxid-SLAGA which contains all the oxide components as well as S and F in dilute solution. That is, FToxid-SLAGA is equivalent to FToxid-SLAG? except for the calculation of the solubilities of SO4, PO4, CO3, H2O/OH, I, Cl, F, C, N, and CN. To calculate these solubilities, it is recommended that you use FToxid-SLAGB, SLAGC, SLAGD, etc. in a series of separate calculations, rather than trying to calculate them all simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG?. The use of FToxid-SLAG? may however give somewhat better estimations of sulfide solubility in the presence of Cr(II) and of F and Cl solubilities in the presence of Cr(II), Cr(III) and Fe(III).
Note further that equilibria between slags/glasses containing Na2O or B2O3 and other oxide phases will be calculated more accurately with FToxid-SLAGA than with FToxid-SLAG?. Furthermore, Li2O, SrO and BaO are not components of FToxid-SLAG?.
[FToxid- OXFL] Liq-Oxyfluoride
Oxide liquid/glass containing fluoride
This solution has been eliminated in FactSage 7.3 and replaced with FToxid-SLAGA.
[FToxid-SPINA] A-Spinel
OXIDE Spinel (Cubic)
AB2O4-type cubic spinel solution containing Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Mg-Ni-Zn-O
(2+ and 3+ oxidation states only)
Mineralogical names: Spinel (MgAl2O4), Magnetite (Fe3O4), Hercynite (FeAl2O4), Gahnite (ZnAl2O4), Magnesioferrite (MgFe2O4), Franklinite (ZnFe2O4), Trevorite (NiFe2O4), Magnesiochromite (MgCr2O4), Chromite (FeCr2O4), Pleonaste (MgAl2O4 – FeAl2O4).
Distribution of cations over tetrahedral and octahedral sites, as well as vacancies on the octahedral sites (oxygen non-stoichiometry), are taken into account as follows:
(Al,Co(II),Co(III),Cr(II),Cr(III),Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Ni(II),Zn)[Al,Co(II),Co(III),Cr(III),
Fe(II),Fe(III),Mg,Ni,Zn,Vacancy]2O4
Evaluated and optimized over all compositions.
Mn is not a component of FToxid-SPINA and so the calculated content of Mn will always be zero if you use FToxid-SPINA. For spinels containing appreciable amounts of Mn, use FToxid-SPINB.
Possible miscibility gap between Al-rich, Cr(III)-rich and Fe(III)-rich spinels. (Use I option).
Also use I option for MgO-Al2O3 spinel.
References: 2010, 2019, 2020, 2024, 2025, 2028, 2029, 2030, 6008, 6009, 6013
References: 6016, 6020, 6021, 6029, 6031, 6033
[FToxid-SPINB] B-Spinel
OXIDE Spinel (Cubic)
AB2O4 cubic spinel containing Mn(II)-Mn(III)-Mn(IV)-Fe(II)-Fe(III)-Cr(II)-Cr(III)-Mg(II)-Al(III)-O
Mineralogical names: Magnetite (Fe3O4), Manganoferrite (MnFe2O4), Manganochromite (MnCr2O4), Chromite (FeCr2O4), Galaxite (MnAl2O4).
Oxides of elements other than Mn, Fe, Cr, Mg and Al are not components of FToxid-SPINB, and so the calculated contents of any other oxides will always be zero if you use FToxid-SPINB. For systems containing other oxides, use FToxid-SPINA.
Evaluated and optimized over all compositions.
FToxid-SPINB replaces FToxid-AlSp, which has been eliminated in FactSage 7.3.
References: 2035, 2036, 2037, 2040
[FToxid-SPINC] C-Spinel
OXIDE Spinel (Cubic)
AB2O4 cubic spinel containing Al-Ca-Co(II)-Co(III)-Cu(II)-Fe(II)-Fe(III)-Mg-Ni(II)-Zn-O
Oxides of elements other than Al,Ca,Co,Cu,Fe,Mg,Ni, and Zn are not components of FToxid-SPINC, and so the calculated contents of any other oxides will always be zero if you use FToxid-SPINC. For systems containing Cr, use FToxid-SPINA, FToxid-SPINB or FToxid-CaSp.
References: 2099, 2135, 2136, 2137, 2138
[FToxid-SPIN?] ?-Spinel
OXIDE Spinel (Cubic)
Never select FToxid-SPIN? as erroneous calculations will almost certainly result.
[FToxid-AlSp] Al-Spinel
Oxide solution – aluminate spinel containing Mn
This solution has been eliminated in FactSage 7.3 and replaced by FToxid-SPINB.
[FToxid-CaSp] CaSpinel
OXIDE solution – calcium spinel
CaCr2O4 – CaFe2O4 solid solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaCr2O4 (S1) and CaFe2O4 (S1).
References: 2010
[FToxid-SPLA] MgAl2O4-LiAl5O8
OXIDE solution – Lithium spinel
LiAl5O8-MgAl2O4 solid solution
[FToxid-SP-V] MgAl2O4-LiAl5O8
OXIDE solution – Vanadium spinel
(Fe2+,Fe3+,Mg2+,Al3+,V3+)[Fe2+,Fe3+,Mg2+,Al3+,V3+,Va]2O4 solid solution
In the absence of vanadium, it is identical to A-Spinel.
[FToxid-TiSp] Titania_Spinel
OXIDE solution – titania spinel (cubic)
(Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mn(II),Al)[Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Mn(II),Mn(III),Mn(IV),Al,Ti(III),Ti(IV),Va)]2O4
This is treated as a separate phase from FToxid-SPIN.
Use FToxid-TiSp only for Ti-rich solutions. (Otherwise use FToxid-SPIN or the other spinel solutions mentioned above.)
Possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
References: 2005, 2009, 2014, 2033, 2034, 2041, 2054
[FToxid-TSpi] Tetragonal spinel
OXIDE solution – Tetragonal spinel
Low-temperature Mn3O4 dissolving Fe, Cr, Al, Mg and Ti.
[Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,Mn3+,Cr2+,Cr3+,Al3+,Mg2+][Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,Mn3+,Cr3+,Al3+,Mg2+,Ti4+,Va]2O4
Mineralogical name: Hausmanite
References: 2035, 2036, 2037, 2040
[FToxid-MeO_A] A-Monoxide
OXIDE monoxide (rocksalt structure) solution
Approved sub-system of FToxid-MeO_
Note that the former phase FToxid-MONO has now been combined with FToxid-MeO and merged into it.
Fe(II)O, CaO, MgO, SrO, BaO, Mn(II)O, NiO, CoO at all compositions +
(Al, Fe(III), Cr(III), Mn(III), Cu, Li, Na, Ti(III), Ti(IV), Zn, Zr in dilute amounts)
Mineralogical names: Wustite (FexO), Lime (CaO), Periclase (MgO), Magnesiowustite (MgO-FexO), Manganowustite (Mn-Fe)xO, Manganosite (MnxO).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaO, MgO, SrO, BaO, MnO, NiO, and CoO solids.
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Can be used for wustite (FexO) solutions at all oxygen contents. However, V2O3 is not included in FToxid-MeO_A and so the calculated contents of V2O3 will always be zero if you use FToxid-MeO_A. If V2O3 is present in appreciable amount, use FToxid-MeO_D.
If CaO, SrO or BaO are present, there is a possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
References: 2010, 2019, 2020, 2023, 2024, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2032, 2033, 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 2051, 2099
References: 6009, 6013, 6016, 6020, 6021, 6026, 6029, 6031
[FToxid-MeO_B] B-Monoxide
OXIDE monoxide (rocksalt structure) solution
In FactSage 8.3, Mn(III) was added to FToxid-MeO_A and FToxid-MeO_B was eliminated.
[FToxid-MeO_C] C-Monoxide
OXIDE monoxide (rocksalt structure) solution
In FactSage 8.2, copper was added to FToxid-MeO_A and FToxid-MeO_C was eliminated.
[FToxid-MeO_D] D-Monoxide
OXIDE monoxide (rocksalt structure) solution
Approved sub-system of FToxid-MeO_
Magnesiowustite with V2O3 in dilute solution
Fe(II)O and MgO at all compositions + (Fe(III) and V(III) in dilute amounts)
Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu and Ti are not components of FToxid-MeO_D and so the calculated contents of these oxides will always be zero if you use FToxid-MeO_D. If these components are present in appreciable amounts, use FToxid-MeO_A.
[FToxid-MeO_?] ?-Monoxide
OXIDE monoxide (rocksalt structure) solution
Note that the former phase FToxid-MONO has now been combined with FToxid-MeO and merged into it.
Fe(II)O, CaO, MgO, SrO, BaO, Mn(II)O, NiO, CoO at all compositions +
(Al, Cu(II), Fe(III), Cr(III), Mn(III), Li, Na, Ti(III), Ti(IV), V, Zn, Zr in dilute amounts)
Mineralogical names: Wustite (FexO), Lime (CaO), Periclase (MgO), Magnesiowustite (MgO-FexO).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaO, MgO, SrO, BaO, NiO, CoO and MnO solids.
If CaO, SrO or BaO are present, there is a possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
References: 2010, 2019, 2020, 2023, 2024, 2027, 2028, 2029, 2030, 2032, 2033, 2051
References: 2035, 2036, 2037, 2038, 2099
References: 6009, 6013, 6016, 6020, 6021, 6026, 6029, 6031
[FToxid-cPyrA] A-Clinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – clinopyroxene
MSiO3 – MAl2SiO6 – MFe2SiO6 solution (where: M = Fe(II), Ca, Mg)
Mineralogical names: Clino-enstatite (MgSiO3), (Metastable) clino-ferrosilite (FeSiO3), Diopside (CaMgSi2O6), Hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6), Esseneite (CaFe3+AlSiO6), Ca-Tschermak (CaAl2SiO6); Pigeonite: (Ca,Fe(II),Mg)[Mg,Fe(II)]Si2O6; Augite: (Ca)[Mg,Fe(II),Al]{Al,Si}2O6.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaMgSi2O6, CaFeSi2O6 and CaAl2SiO6 solids, FeSiO3 (S1).
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Fe(II),Mg)[Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Al]{Al,Fe(III),Si}SiO6
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present. (Use I option.)
References: 2020, 2031, 2032
[FToxid-cPyrB] B-Clinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – clinopyroxene
A complete solid solution between CaM2+Si2O6 and CaN2+Si2O6 with a limited solubility of M2+SiO3, where M2+ and N2+ are Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn, Mn.
Mineralogical names: Clino-enstatite (MgSiO3), (Metastable) clino-ferrosilite (FeSiO3), Diopside (CaMgSi2O6), Hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6), Niopside (CaNiSi2O6), Petedunnite (CaZnSi2O6), Johannsenite (CaMnSi2O6).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaMgSi2O6, CaFeSi2O6, MgSiO3, FeSiO3 and CaNiSi2O6.
Distribution of cations over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Mg,Fe,Ni,Zn,Mn)[Mg,Fe,Ni,Zn,Mn]Si2O6
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present. (Use I option.)
References: 2020, 2031, 2032
[FToxid-cPyrC] C-Clinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – clinopyroxene
MSiO3 – MAl2SiO6 – NaAlSi2O6 solution (where: M = Fe(II), Ca, Sr, Mg)
Mineralogical names: Clino-enstatite (MgSiO3), (Metastable) clino-ferrosilite (FeSiO3), Diopside (CaMgSi2O6), Hedenbergite (CaFeSi2O6), Esseneite (CaFe3+AlSiO6), Ca-Tschermak (CaAl2SiO6); Pigeonite: (Ca,Fe(II),Mg)[Mg,Fe(II)]Si2O6; Augite: (Ca)[Mg,Fe(II),Al]{Al,Si}2O6, Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaMgSi2O6, CaFeSi2O6, CaAl2SiO6 and NaAlSi2O6 solids, FeSiO3 (S1).
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Sr,Mg,Fe(II),Na)[Mg,Fe(II),Al]{Al,Si}SiO6
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present. (Use I option.)
[FToxid-cPyrD] D-Clinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – clinopyroxene
MSiO3 – MAl2SiO6 – MFe2SiO6 – NaAlSi2O6 – NaFeSi2O6 solution (where: M = Fe(II))
Mineralogical names: Clino-enstatite (MgSiO3), (Metastable) clino-ferrosilite (FeSiO3), Aegirine (NaFe3+Si2O6), Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: NaFeSi2O6 and NaAlSi2O6 solids, FeSiO3 (S1).
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Fe(II),Na)[Fe(II),Fe(III),Al]{Al,Fe(III),Si}SiO6
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
[FToxid-cPyr?] ?-Clinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – clinopyroxene
Never select FToxid-cPyr? as erroneous calculations will almost certainly result.
[FToxid-oPyrA] A-Orthopyroxene
OXIDE solution – orthopyroxene
MSiO3 – MAl2SiO6 – MFe2SiO6 solution (where: M = Fe(II), Ca, Mg)
Mineralogical names: Ortho-enstatite (MgSiO3), (Metastable) ortho-ferrosilite (FeSiO3).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MgSiO3(S2), FeSiO3 (S3).
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Fe(II),Mg)[Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Al]{Al,Fe(III),Si}SiO6
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present. (Use I option.)
References: 2020, 2031, 2032
[FToxid-oPyrB] B-Orthopyroxene
OXIDE solution – orthopyroxene
(Mg, Mn(II), Fe(II), Ca, Ni, Zn)SiO3 solution, MgSiO3-rich.
[FToxid-oPyr?] ?-Orthopyroxene
OXIDE solution – orthopyroxene
Never select FToxid-oPyr? as erroneous calculations will almost certainly result.
[FToxid-pPyrA] A-Protopyroxene
OXIDE solution – protopyroxene
MSiO3 – MAl2SiO6 – MFe2SiO6 solution (where: M = Fe(II), Ca, Mg)
Mineralogical names: Proto-enstatite (MgSiO3).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MgSiO3(S3).
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Fe(II),Mg)[Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Al]{Al,Fe(III),Si}SiO6
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Ni and Zn are not components of FToxid-pPyrA and so the calculated content of Ni and Zn will always be zero if you use FToxid-pPyrA. If Ni is present in appreciable amounts, use FToxid-pPyrB. If Zn is present in appreciable amounts, use FToxid-pPyrC.
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present. (Use I option.)
References: 2020, 2031, 2032
[FToxid-pPyrB] B-Protopyroxene
OXIDE solution – protopyroxene
(Mg, Mn(II), Fe(II), Ca, Ni, Zn)SiO3 solution, MgSiO3-rich.
Mineralogical names: Proto-enstatite (MgSiO3).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MgSiO3(S3).
Distribution of cations over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Mg,Fe(II),Ni,Zn,Mn)[Mg,Fe(II),Ni,Zn,Mn]Si2O6
Fe(III) and Al are not components of FToxid-pPyrB and so the calculated content of Fe(III) and Al will always be zero if you use FToxid-pPyrB. If Fe(III) or Al is present in appreciable amounts, use FToxid-pPyrA.
References: 2020, 2031, 2032
[FToxid-pPyr?] ?-Protopyroxene
OXIDE solution – protopyroxene
Never select FToxid-pPyr? as erroneous calculations will almost certainly result.
[FToxid-LcPy] LowClinopyroxene
OXIDE solution – low clinopyroxene
CaMgSi2O6 – Mg2Si2O6 solid solution (low clinopyroxene structure)
Mineralogical names: Low-clinoenstatite (MgSiO3).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MgSiO3(S1).
Distribution of Mg and Ca over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Mg)[Mg]Si2O6
The solubilities of Fe and Al in this phase are very small and assumed negligible.
Possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
References: 2032
[FToxid-Rhod] Rhodonite
OXIDE solution – rhodonite
MnSiO3 + (CaSiO3, CoSiO3, FeSiO3, MgSiO3, NiSiO3 in dilute amounts)
Mineralogical names: Rhodonite (MnSiO3)
The former FToxid-MnPy phase has now been merged into FToxid-Rhod as these are the same phase and the structure is not that of pyroxene.
Valid only if rich in MnSiO3.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MnSiO3 solid.
References: 2027, 2038, 2040, 6026
[FToxid-P-Mn] Pyroxmangite
OXIDE solution – pyroxmangite
MnSiO3 - MgSiO3 solution stable at ~10-50 mol % MnSiO3
[FToxid-Bixb] Bixbyite
OXIDE solution – Bixbyite
Orthorhombic Mn2O3 + (Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Al2O3 in dilute amounts)
End members in pure compound database FToxidbase.cdb: Mn2O3(S2)
References: 2035, 2036, 2037, 2040
[FToxid-Brau] Braunite
OXIDE solution – Braunite
Non-stoichiometric Mn7SiO12 with excess Mn2O3, dissolving Mg:
[(Mn2,MgSi)3O9]{(Mn2,MnSi)O3}
References: 2038, 2040
[FToxid-WOLL] Wollastonite
OXIDE solution – Wollastonite
CaSiO3 with MgSiO3, FeSiO3, MnSiO3, SrSiO3 and BaSiO3 in solution.
Mineralogical names: Wollastonite (CaSiO3)
Valid only if rich in CaSiO3.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaSiO3(S1).
References: 2027, 2032, 6026
[FToxid-Bred] Bredigite
OXIDE solution – Bredigite
Ca3(Ca,Mg)4Mg(SiO4)4 – a solid solution originating from Ca7Mg(SiO4)4 by substitution of some Ca by Mg.
Mineralogical names: Bredigite
[FToxid-aC2SA] A-a-(Ca,Sr)2SiO4
OXIDE solution alpha-(Ca,Sr)2SiO4
(Ca,Sr)2SiO4 + (Mg2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, Mn2SiO4, Ba2SiO4, Ca3B2O6 in dilute amounts)
Either Ca2SiO4 or Sr2SiO4 must be present.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S3), Sr2SiO4(S3).
Phosphorus is not a component of FToxid-aC2SA and so the calculated phosphorus content will always be zero if you use FToxid-aC2SA. For solutions containing appreciable amounts of phosphorus, use FToxid-C2SP.
Never select both FToxid-C2SP and FToxid-aC2SA simultaneously.
References: 2027, 2032, 2045, 6026
[FToxid- aC2SB] B-a-(Ca,Sr)2SiO4
OXIDE solution alpha-(Ca,Sr)2SiO4
Fictitious solubility of CaF2 in alpha-Ca2SiO4 was introduced to reproduce the liquidus of Ca2SiO4 in the CaO-SiO2-CaF2 system.
Ca2SiO4 + (CaF2, Mg2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, Mn2SiO4, K4SiO4, Li4SiO4, in dilute amounts)
Ca2SiO4 must be present.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S2).
[FToxid-bC2SA] A-a'(Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
OXIDE solution alpha-prime (Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
Ca2SiO4 – Sr2SiO4 – Ba2SiO4 solution + (Mg2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, Mn2SiO4, Pb2SiO4, Zn2SiO4, Ca3B2O6 in dilute amounts)
Ca2SiO4, Sr2SiO4 or Ba2SiO4 must be present.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S2), Sr2SiO4(S2) and Ba2SiO4(S1).
References: 2015, 2027, 2032, 2045, 2047, 6009, 6013, 6016, 6020, 6021, 6026
[FToxid-bC2SB] B-a'(Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
OXIDE solution alpha-prime (Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
Fictitious solubility of CaF2 in alpha-prime Ca2SiO4 was introduced to reproduce the liquidus of Ca2SiO4 in the CaO-SiO2-CaF2 system.
Ca2SiO4 + (CaF2, Mg2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, Mn2SiO4, Pb2SiO4, Zn2SiO4 in dilute amounts)
Ca2SiO4 must be present.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S2).
[FToxid-bC2SC] C-a'(Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
OXIDE solution alpha-prime (Ca,Sr,Ba)2SiO4
Ca2SiO4 + (Mg2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, K4SiO4, Li4SiO4, Ca3B2O6 in dilute amounts)
Ca2SiO4 must be present.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S2).
[FToxid-Mel_A] A-Melilite
OXIDE solution melilite
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites are taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Pb)2[Mg,Fe(II),Fe(III),Al,Zn]{Al,Fe(III),Si}2O7
Mineralogical names: Akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), Iron-akermanite (Ca2FeSi2O7), Gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), Iron-gehlenite (Ca2Fe2SiO7), Hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2MgSi2O7, Ca2FeSi2O7, Ca2Al2SiO7, Ca2ZnSi2O7, Pb2ZnSi2O7.
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions where data are available.
References: 6009, 6013, 6016, 6020, 6021
[FToxid-Mel_B] B-Melilite
OXIDE solution melilite
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites are taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Na)2[Al]{Al,Si}2O7
Mineralogical names: Gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), Soda Melilite (CaNaAlSi2O7).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2Al2SiO7.
Evaluated and optimized for FactSage 7.0 at all compositions where data are available.
[FToxid-Mel_C] C-Melilite
OXIDE solution melilite
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites are taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Sr,Ba)2[Mg,Al,B]{Al,B,Si}2O7
Mineralogical names: Gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), Akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), Okayamalite (Ca2B2SiO7), Ba-akermanite (Ba2MgSi2O7), Sr-akermanite (Sr2MgSi2O7), Sr-gehlenite (Sr2Al2SiO7).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2MgSi2O7, Ca2Al2SiO7, Ca2B2SiO7, Ba2MgSi2O7, Sr2MgSi2O7, Sr2Al2SiO7.
This is the result of integration of the FToxid-Gehl solution into general melilite for FactSage 7.0. FToxid-Gehl has been removed.
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions where data are available.
References: 2045
[FToxid-Mel_D] D-Melilite
OXIDE solution melilite
Distribution of cations over the three cation sites are taken into account as follows:
(Ca)2[Ni,Fe(II),Mg,Zn]{Si}2O7
Mineralogical names: Akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), Iron-akermanite (Ca2FeSi2O7), Hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2MgSi2O7, Ca2ZnSi2O7, Ca2FeSi2O7.
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions where data are available.
References: 2092, 2103,
[FToxid-Mel_?] ?-Melilite
OXIDE solution melilite
Never select FToxid- Mel_? as erroneous calculations will almost certainly result.
[FToxid-OlivA] A-Olivine
OXIDE solution olivine
Mg2SiO4-Ca2SiO4-Fe2SiO4-Mn2SiO4-Co2SiO4-Ni2SiO4-Zn2SiO4 solution
Distribution of cations over the two cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Fe,Mg,Mn,Co,Ni,Zn)[ Ca,Fe,Mg,Mn,Co,Ni,Zn]SiO4
Mineralogical names: Forsterite (Mg2SiO4), Fayalite (Fe2SiO4), Tephroite (Mn2SiO4), Monticellite (CaMgSiO4), Kirschsteinite (CaFeSiO4), Larnite (Ca2SiO4)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Mg2SiO4(S1), Fe2SiO4(S1), Ca2SiO4(S1), Co2SiO4(S1), Ni2SiO4(S1), Mn2SiO4(S1).
Evaluated and optimized at all compositions.
Cr2SiO4 and Li4SiO4 are not components of FToxid-OlivA and so if you use FToxid-OlivA the contents of Cr and Li will always be calculated as zero. If Cr or Li is present, use FToxid-OlivB or FToxid-OlivC.
Possible miscibility gap when Ca2SiO4 or Ni2SiO4 are present. (Use I option.)
References: 2018, 2020, 2027, 2031, 2032, 2038, 2040, 2063, 2066, 2092, 2103, 6016, 6026
[FToxid-OlivB] B-Olivine
OXIDE solution olivine
Mg2SiO4 with Cr2SiO4 in solution
Distribution of cations over the two cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Mg,Cr)[Mg,Cr]SiO4
Mineralogical names: Forsterite (Mg2SiO4)
Mg2SiO4 and Cr2SiO4 are the only components of FToxid-OlivB. If other elements are present, use FToxid-OlivA.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Mg2SiO4(S1)
References: 2056
[FToxid-OlivC] C-Olivine
OXIDE solution olivine
Ca2SiO4 with Li4SiO4 in solution
Distribution of cations over the two cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Ca,Li2)[Ca,Li2]SiO4
Mineralogical names: Larnite (Ca2SiO4)
Ca2SiO4 and Li4SiO4 are the only components of FToxid-OlivC. If other elements are present, use FToxid-OlivA.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S1)
[FToxid-Oliv?] ?-Olivine
OXIDE solution olivine
Never select FToxid-Oliv? as erroneous calculations will certainly result.
[FToxid-Cord] Cordierite
OXIDE solution – cordierite
Al4Fe2Si5O18 – Al4Mg2Si5O18 solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Al4Fe2Si5O18 and Al4Mg2Si5O18 solids.
[FToxid-Mull] Mullite
OXIDE solution – mullite with borate in solution
Solid solution of non-stoichiometric mullite with B2O3 and Fe2O3 in solution.
Replaces former FToxid-MulF and FToxid-MULL.
[Al,Fe]2[Al,Si,B,Fe][O,Va]5
Possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Al6Si2O13 solid.
References: 2004, 2025, 2044, 2047, 2055, 6009, 6020
[FToxid-CORU] M2O3 (Corundum)
OXIDE solution – Corundum structure
Al2O3-Cr2O3-Fe2O3-V2O3 + (Mn2O3, Ti2O3, V2O4, NiO in dilute amounts) corundum structure solution
Mineralogical names: Corundum (Al2O3), Hematite (Fe2O3), Eskolite (Cr2O3)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Al2O3(S4), Fe2O3(S1), Cr2O3(S1), V2O3(S1).
Fully evaluated and optimized at all compositions (dilute in Mn2O3, Ti2O3, V2O4 and NiO) except when Ti2O3 is present simultaneously with Cr2O3 or with V2O3).
Possible miscibility gap (Use I option.)
References: 2010, 2025, 2035, 2037, 2040, 2139, 6008
[FToxid-CAFS] Ca2(Al,Fe)8SiO16
OXIDE solution
(CaO)2(Al2O3)4SiO2 – (CaO)2(Fe2O3)4SiO2 solid solution
X-phase
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaAl12O19 solid.
[FToxid-CAF6] Ca(Al, Fe)12O19
OXIDE solution
CaAl12O19 with CaFe12O19 in solution (CaAl12O19-rich)
[FToxid-CAF3] Ca(Al,Fe)6O10
OXIDE solution
CaAl6O10 – CaFe6O10 solid solution
T-phase
The pure end-member components are not stable. This solution only exists as a stable phase when both Al and Fe are present.
[FToxid-CAF2] Ca(Al,Fe)4O7
OXIDE solution
CaAl4O7 with CaFe4O7 in solution (CaAl4O7-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaAl4O7 solid.
[FToxid-CAF1] Ca(Al,Fe)2O4
OXIDE solution
CaAl2O4 – CaFe2O4 solid solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaAl2O4 and CaFe2O4 solids.
Possible miscibility gap (use I option).
[FToxid-C2AF] Ca2(Al,Fe)2O5
OXIDE solution
Ca2Fe2O5 with Ca2Al2O5 in solution (Ca2Fe2O5-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2Fe2O5 solid.
[FToxid-C3AF] Ca3(Al,Fe)2O6
OXIDE solution
Ca3Al2O6 with Ca3Fe2O6 in solution (Ca3Al2O6-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca3Al2O6 solid.
[FToxid-GARN] Garnets
OXIDE solution – garnets
Ca3Cr2Si3O12 – Ca3Al2Si3O12 solid solution
Mineralogical names: Grossularite (Ca3Al2Si3O12), Uvarovite (Ca3Cr2Si3O12).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca3Cr2Si3O12 and Ca3Al2Si3O12 solids.
[FToxid-ZNIT] Zincite
OXIDE solution - Zincite
Zincite, ZnO, containing CoO, FeO, Fe2O3, MgO, MnO and NiO in dilute amounts.
Valid only if rich in ZnO. Behavior of MnO assumed ideal.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: ZnO solid.
References: 2019, 6013, 6016, 6021
[FToxid-WILL] Willemite
OXIDE solution – willemite
Zn2SiO4 + (Fe2SiO4, Mg2SiO4 and Ni2SiO4 in solution)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Zn2SiO4 solid.
Distribution of cations over the two cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Zn,Fe(II),Mg,Ni)[Zn,Fe(II),Mg,Ni]SiO4
References: 2018, 6016, 6021
[FToxid-PbO_] PbO-ZnO
Solid PbO with ZnO in solution (PbO-rich).
Mineralogical names: Massicot.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: PbO (S2).
References: 2012
[FToxid-PCSi] Pb3M2Si3O11
OXIDE solution
Pb3Ca2Si3O11 – Pb5Si3O11 solid solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Pb3Ca2Si3O11 solid.
References: 2015, 6013
[FToxid-Qrtz] Quartz
OXIDE solution – quartz
SiO2-GeO2 solid solution with quartz structure.
Valid at all compositions.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: SiO2(S2) and GeO2(S2).
References: 2022
[FToxid-TiO2] Rutile
OXIDE solution – rutile
TiO2(rutile) + (Ti2O3, ZrO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, MnO in dilute solution)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: TiO2 (S1).
References: 2005, 2009, 2014, 2033, 2034
[FToxid-ILME] Ilmenite
OXIDE solution
FeTiO3(ilmenite)-MgTiO3-MnTiO3 solution extending all the way to pure Ti2O3 and dissolving small amounts of Al2O3 and Fe2O3. It was completely reoptimized for FactSage 8.3 and replaces [FToxid-ILMEA] A-Ilmenite and [FToxid-ILMEB] B-Ilmenite.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ti2O3 (S2).
Distribution of cations over the two cation sublattices is taken into account as:
(Fe(II), Mg, Mn(II), Al, Fe(III), Ti(III))[Al, Fe(III), Ti(III), Ti(IV)]O3
Possible miscibility gap. (Use I option if Mn is present.)
References: 2005, 2009, 2014, 2033, 2034, 2041
[FToxid-PSBR] Pseudobrookite
OXIDE solution
Solid solution: Fe2TiO5-FeTi2O5-Ti3O5-Al2TiO5-MgTi2O5-MnTi2O5 over entire composition range.
Distribution of cations over the two cation sublattices is taken into account as:
(Fe(II),Mg,Mn(II),Al,Fe(III),Ti(III),Ti(IV))[Fe(II),Mg,Mn(II),Al,Fe(III),Ti(III),Ti(IV)]2O5.
Possible miscibility gap. (Use I option.)
References: 2005, 2009, 2014, 2033, 2034
[FToxid-CaTi] Ca3Ti2O7-Ca3Ti2O6
OXIDE solution
Ca3Ti2O7 – Ca3Ti2O6 solution
[FToxid-PERO] Perovskite
OXIDE solution – perovskite
Ca2Ti2O6 – Ca2Ti2O5 solution dissolving Ca2Fe2O5. The solubility of Fe in the Ca2Ti2O6-Ca2Ti2O5 solution was evaluated only under oxidizing conditions.
[FToxid-ZrOc] ZrO2-cubic
OXIDE solution – cubic zirconia
Cubic ZrO2 + (Al2O3,CaO,FeO,MgO,MnO and TiO2 in solution)
Valid only when rich in ZrO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: ZrO2 (S3).
[FToxid-ZrOt] ZrO2-tetragonal
OXIDE solution – tetragonal zirconia
Tetragonal ZrO2 with Al2O3,CaO,FeO,MgO,MnO and TiO2 in solution
Valid only when rich in ZrO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: ZrO2 (S2).
[FToxid-ZrOm] ZrO2-monoclinic
OXIDE solution – monoclinic zirconia
Monoclinic ZrO2 with CaO, MgO and MnO in solution
Valid only when rich in ZrO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: ZrO2 (S1).
[FToxid-ReAl] Re2O3+Al2O3_liquid
OXIDE solution – Liquid rare earth oxides plus Al2O3
Liquid solution: Al2O3-La2O3-Ce2O3-Pr2O3-Nd2O3-Pm2O3-Sm2O3-Eu2O3-Gd2O3-Tb2O3-Dy2O3-Ho2O3-Er2O3-Tm2O3-Yb2O3-Lu2O3
Evaluations and optimization have been performed only for binary Al2O3-Re2O3 solutions (Re = rare earth). Binary solutions between two rare earth oxides are assumed ideal. Multicomponent solution interactions are estimated.
Should be used to calculate solid/liquid phase equilibria only in Al2O3-Re2O3 binary systems. (Possible ternary solid solutions have also not been evaluated.)
Never select FToxid-ReAl simultaneously with FToxid-SLAG.
References: 2001
[FToxid-Neph] Nepheline
OXIDE solution – Nepheline
Non-stoichiometric low-temperature NaAlSiO4 – KAlSiO4 solid solution, dissolving excess SiO2, Ca and Fe.
Miscibility gap below ~1000 °C.
References: 2047
[FToxid-Carn] Carnegieite
OXIDE solution – Carnegieite
Non-stoichiometric high-temperature NaAlSiO4 dissolving excess SiO2, K, Fe and Ca
References: 2047
[FToxid-LEU1] Leucite
OXIDE solution – Leucite
Leucite solution K2Al2Si4O12-K2MgSi5O12
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
KAlSi2O6(S1) and K2MgSi5O12(S1)
[FToxid-KASH] KAlSiO4-HT
OXIDE solution – KAlSiO4-HT
Non-stoichiometric high-temperature kalsilite, KAlSiO4-K2MgSi3O8, with excess SiO2, Na and Ca.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
KAlSiO4(S2) and K2MgSi3O8(S2)
[FToxid-NASlA] A-(Na,Li)(Al,Fe)O2-LT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric low-temperature (Na)(Al,Fe)O2 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
NaAlO2(S1) and NaFeO2(S1).
References: 2047
[FToxid-NASlB] B-(Na,Li)(Al,Fe)O2-LT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric low-temperature (Na,Li)(Al)O2 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
NaAlO2(S1) and LiAlO2(S1).
[FToxid-NAShA] A-(Na,Li)(Al,Fe)O2-HT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric high-temperature (Na)(Al,Fe)O2 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
NaAlO2(S2) and NaFeO2(S2).
References: 2047
[FToxid-NAShB] B-(Na,Li)(Al,Fe)O2-HT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric high-temperature (Na,Li)(Al)O2 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
NaAlO2(S2) and LiAlO2(S2).
[FToxid-KA_L] KAlO2-LT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric low-temperature KAlO2-K2MgSiO4 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
KAlO2(S1) and K2MgSiO4(S1)
[FToxid-KA_H] KAlO2-HT
OXIDE solution
Non-stoichiometric high-temperature KAlO2-K2MgSiO4 with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
KAlO2(S2) and K2MgSiO4(S2)
[FToxid-NCA2] Na2CaAl4O8
OXIDE solution
Na2CaAl4O8 solid solution Na2(Na2,Ca)Al4O8
[FToxid-C3A1] (Ca,Na2)Ca8Al6O18
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Na2)Ca8Al6O18 solid solution, Ca3Al2O6-rich
[FToxid-NAF6] beta''-Al2O3
OXIDE solution
Na2Al12O19 with Na2Fe12O19 in solution (Na2Al12O19-rich)
[FToxid-bbAl] K2Al12O19
OXIDE solution
Beta''-alumina solution: K2Al12O19 dissolving Mg (replaces K2Al12O19 compound)
[FToxid-b_Al] KAl9O14
OXIDE solution
Beta-alumina solution: KAl9O14 dissolving Mg (replaces KAl9O14 compound)
[FToxid-NS2l] (Na,K)2Si2O5_low-T
OXIDE solution
(Na,K)2Si2O5 low-temperature solution; dilute Li2Si2O5
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na2Si2O5(S1) and K2Si2O5(S1)
[FToxid-NS2i] (Na,K)2Si2O5_Mid-T
OXIDE solution
(Na,K)2Si2O5 solution stable at intermediate temperatures; dilute Li2Si2O5
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na2Si2O5(S2) and K2Si2O5(S2)
[FToxid-NS2h] (Na,K)2Si2O5_high-T
OXIDE solution
(Na,K)2Si2O5 high-temperature solution; dilute Li2Si2O5
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na2Si2O5(S3) and K2Si2O5(S3)
[FToxid-LS2l] Li2Si2O5_low-T
OXIDE solution
Li2Si2O5 low-temperature solution; dilute Na2Si2O5 and K2Si2O5
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
LiSi2O5(S1)
[FToxid-LS2h] Li2Si2O5_high-T
OXIDE solution
Li2Si2O5 high-temperature solution; dilute Na2Si2O5 and K2Si2O5
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Li2Si2O5(S2)
[FToxid-NeSO] (K,Na,Li)2SiO3
OXIDE solution
(Li,Na,K)2SiO3 metasilicate solid solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Li2SiO3(S1), Na2SiO3(S1) and K2SiO3(S1)
[FToxid-LAS2] beta-LiAlSi2O6
OXIDE solution beta-spodumene
LiAlSi2O6 high-temperature beta-spodumene solid solution with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
LiAlSi2O6(S2)
[FToxid-EucL] LiAlSiO4_low-T
OXIDE solution alpha-Eucryptite
LiAlSiO4 low-temperature alpha-Eucryptite solid solution with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
LiAlSiO4(S1)
[FToxid-EucH] LiAlSiO4_high-T
OXIDE solution beta-Eucryptite
LiAlSiO4 high-temperature beta-Eucryptite solid solution with excess SiO2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
LiAlSiO4(S2)
[FToxid-LM2S] Li2(Li2,Mg)SiO4
OXIDE solution
Li2(Li2,Mg)SiO4 solution with a miscibility gap between Li4SiO4 and Li2MgSiO4; dilute Na4SiO4
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Li4SiO4(S1) and Li2MgSiO4(S1)
[FToxid-N2S_] Na4SiO4
OXIDE solution
Na4SiO4 solution; dilute Li4SiO4
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na4SiO4(S1)
[FToxid-KCS1] K2CaSiO4
OXIDE solution
K2CaSiO4 with small solubility of Na2CaSiO4, K2MgSiO4 and Na2MgSiO4
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
K2CaSiO4(S1)
[FToxid-N3S8] Na6Si8O19
OXIDE solution
Na6Si8O19 solution; dilute Li6Si8O19
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na6Si8O19(S1)
[FToxid-NCSO] combeite
OXIDE solution - combeite
Mineralogical name: combeite (Na2Ca2Si3O9)
Distribution of cations over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
(Na2,Ca)Na2(Ca,Na2)3CaSi6O18
[FToxid-Roed] Roedderite
OXIDE solution
Roedderite solid solution (Na,K)2Mg5Si12O30
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb:
Na2Mg5Si12O30(S1) and K2Mg5Si12O30(S1)
[FToxid-Feld] Feldspar
OXIDE solution – Feldspar
NaAlSi3O8 – KAlSi3O8 – CaAl2Si2O8 – SrAl2Si2O8 – BaAl2Si2O8 – NaFeSi3O8 solution
Mineralogical names: Albite (NaAlSi3O8), Sanidine (KAlSi3O8), Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8), Celsian (BaAl2Si2O8).
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: NaAlSi3O8(S2), KAlSi3O8(S1), CaAl2Si2O8(S2), SrAl2Si2O8(S1) and BaAl2Si2O8(S1).
Possible miscibility gap when Ca is present or when Sr and Ba are present simultaneously. (Use I option.)
[FToxid-M3Si] (Ba,Sr)3SiO5
OXIDE solution – (Ba,Sr)3SiO5
(Ba,Sr)3SiO5 with Ca3SiO5 in solution
[FToxid-C3Si] Ca3SiO5
OXIDE solution – Ca3SiO5
Ca3SiO5 with Sr3SiO5 in solution
[FToxid-Merw] Merwinite
OXIDE solution - Merwinite
Mineralogical name: merwinite (Ca,Sr,Ba)3MgSi2O8
[FToxid-C2BM] Ca2BaMgSi2O8
OXIDE solution
Distribution of cations over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
[Ca,Ba]2[Ba,Ca]MgSi2O8
[FToxid-BCSO] Ba2Ca(Ba,Ca)Si2O8
OXIDE solution
Ba3CaSi2O8 – Ba2Ca2Si2O8 solid solution
T-phase
[FToxid-PsWo] Pseudo-Wollastonite
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Sr)SiO3-rich, dissolving BaSiO3
Mineralogical name: pseudo-wollastonite (CaSiO3)
[FToxid-BaSi] BaSiO3
OXIDE solution
BaSiO3 dissolving calcium and strontium (BaSiO3-rich)
[FToxid-Wals] Walstromite
OXIDE solution - Walstromite
Mineralogical name: walstromite (BaCa2Si3O9)
Distribution of cations over the cation sites is taken into account as follows:
[Ca,Ba,Sr][Ba,Ca,Sr]CaSi3O9
[FToxid-Ba8A] Ba8Al2O11
OXIDE solution
Ba8Al2O11 with Ca8Al2O11 and Sr8Al2O11 in solution (Ba8Al2O11-rich)
[FToxid-Me4A] (Sr,Ba)4Al2O7
OXIDE solution
(Sr,Ba)4Al2O7 with Ca4Al2O7 in solution
[FToxid-Me3A] (Ca,Sr,Ba)3Al2O6
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Sr,Ba)3Al2O6 cubic phase
[FToxid-MeAl] High-T-(Ba,Sr)Al2O4
OXIDE solution
High-temperature (Ba,Sr)Al2O4 with CaAl2O4 in solution
[FToxid-CaAl] CaAl2O4
OXIDE solution
CaAl2O4 with BaAl2O4 and SrAl2O4 in solution (CaAl2O4-rich)
[FToxid-SrAl] Low-T-SrAl2O4
OXIDE solution
Low-temperature SrAl2O4 with CaAl2O4 and BaAl2O4 in solution (SrAl2O4-rich)
[FToxid-BaAl] Low-T-BaAl2O4
OXIDE solution
Low-temperature BaAl2O4 with CaAl2O4 and SrAl2O4 in solution (BaAl2O4-rich)
[FToxid-MeA2] (Ca,Sr)Al4O7
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Sr)Al4O7 solid solution
[FToxid-MeA6] (Ca,Sr,Ba)Al12O19
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Sr)Al12O19 with magnetoplumbite structure dissolving BaAl12O19
[FToxid-bAlu] Beta-alumina
OXIDE solution
Ba3Al44O69-BaAl10MgO17-Sr3Al44O69-SrAl10MgO17 solution
[FToxid-BaB2] BaB2O4
OXIDE solution
BaB2O4 with CaB2O4 and SrB2O4 in solution (BaB2O4-rich)
[FToxid-MeB2] (Ca,Sr)B2O4
OXIDE solution
(Ca,Sr)B2O4 with BaB2O4 in solution
[FToxid-BaB8] BaB8O13
OXIDE solution
BaB8O13 with CaB8O13 and SrB8O13 in solution (BaB8O13-rich)
[FToxid-VO__] VO
OXIDE solution
VO with V2O3 in solution
[FToxid-VFeO2] (V,Fe)O2
OXIDE solution
VO2 with FeVO4 in solution
[FToxid-C2SP] a-C2S-C3P
OXIDE solution
alpha-Ca2SiO4 – Ca3P2O8 solid solution
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca2SiO4(S3), Ca3P2O8(S3).
Mg, Fe, Mn, Ba and B are not components of FToxid-C2SP and so the calculated contents of these will always be zero if you use FToxid-C2SP. For silicate systems containing appreciable amounts of Mg, Fe, Mn, Ba or B, use FToxid-aC2SA.
For systems containing large amounts of both Mg and P, but a small amount of Si, use FToxid-C3Pr.
Select only one of the following solutions, which describe the same phase: FToxid-C2SP, FToxid-aC2SA and FToxid-C3Pr.
[FToxid-C3Pr] alpha’-Ca3P2O8
OXIDE solution
Alpha-prime Ca3P2O8 stable at high temperatures with Mg3P2O8 in solution (Ca3P2O8-rich)
Si is not a component of FToxid-C3Pr and so the calculated contents of silicates will always be zero if you use FToxid-C3Pr. If the solubility of silicates in Ca3P2O8 is more important than the solubility of Mg, use FToxid-C2SP.
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca3P2O8 (S3).
Select only one of the following solutions, which describe the same phase: FToxid-C2SP, FToxid-aC2SA and FToxid-C3Pr.
[FToxid-C3Pa] alpha-Ca3P2O8
OXIDE solution
Alpha-Ca3P2O8 stable at intermediate temperatures with Mg3P2O8 in solution (Ca3P2O8-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca3P2O8 (S2).
[FToxid-C3Pb] beta-Ca3P2O8
OXIDE solution
Beta-Ca3P2O8 stable at low temperatures with Mg3P2O8 in solution (Ca3P2O8-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Ca3P2O8 (S1).
[FToxid-M3Pa] Mg3P2O8
OXIDE solution
Mg3P2O8 with Ca3P2O8 in solution (Mg3P2O8-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Mg3P2O8 (S1).
[FToxid-CMPc] (Ca,Mg)3Mg3P4O16
OXIDE solution
Ca3Mg3P4O16-based solid solution in the Mg3P2O8 – Ca3P2O8 section
[FToxid-M2Pa] Mg2P2O7-HT
OXIDE solution
Mg2P2O7 stable at high temperatures with Ca2P2O7 in solution (Mg2P2O7-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: Mg2P2O7 (S2).
[FToxid-CaFh] CaF2-HT
OXIDE solution
CaF2 stable at high temperatures with CaO in solution (CaF2-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaF2 (S2).
[FToxid-CaFl] CaF2-LT
OXIDE solution
CaF2 stable at low temperatures with CaO in solution (CaF2-rich)
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: CaF2 (S1).
[FToxid-MgF2] MgF2
OXIDE solution
MgF2 solution; dilute LiF
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: MgF2 (S1).
[FToxid-LiF_] LiF
OXIDE solution
LiF solution; dilute MgF2
End-members in pure compound database FToxidBase.cdb: LiF (S1).